Analyze and Design Load Forecasting For Electrical Projects

Analyze and Design load forecasting for electrical projects 

Theory:

         According to load forecasting it is the study of loads, generators and the overall analysis of practical electrical networks in the form of project before its implementation is called load forecasting in other words it is the approximate forecast about the present and future electrical loads which is to be installed in future. This study tells us about the conductor size, conduit size, power cables, distribution transformers, generators as well as the flexibility factor by following the given steps.

Site visit of the location:

         In order to perform precise and accurate load forecasting about the concerned project a project manager should visit the proposed location where the installation to be installed by site visit we mean a project manager will go practically personally on the site he will be responsible to check the existent facility, availability of electrical power and its distance from the site and other facilities, like roads, transportation and sewerage system of the location, the physibility of proposed project with respect of proposed location is the main responsibility of the project manager.

Land scaling and measurement:

         According to this process a project manager is generally facilitated about the covered area by the CDA or PDA in the absence of this information and in order for the precise load forecasting a project manager must know about the land measurement, in terms of geometry. In according to this step a project manager may face different types of geometrical shapes in calculation regular and irregular shapes. For regular shapes already formulas are available and in case of irregular shapes project manager mush utilize approximation mathematics to calculate the estimated area of irregular shape, after calculating the area of any shape expressed in ft square, before performing the third step, load evaluation.

Load evaluation:

         According to this step the defined covered area we mean duly that area where the construction is to be made not the total area of the land in load evaluation we take the covered area and multiply it with the load evaluation factor (it is a factor which determine the type of load in numerical constant) estimated by the scientist of the related field and the load evaluation factor table represents the whole information (types of load and other parameters) in numeric form which is given below;

Load evaluation Table

S.No	Type of load	Volt amp per sq ft
1	mosque, auditorium, house, dwelling, churches	1
2	Clubs, courts, hospitals, motels, apartments, Industries, commercial plazas, restaurant and cinemal houses	2
3	Beauty parlor, barber shops, shops, schools, colleges And universities	3
4	Govt & private offices	3.5
5	Garages and Godams	0.5

   

Demand factor Table:

            According to demand factor table it is a percentage representation of load discussed in load evaluation factor table this table shows us how much of the covered area should be considered in terms of percentage of estimated apparent power, represented by S, and this is the power supplied by the generator should be considered during the design of load forecasting for the projects given by

Demand factor Table

S.No	Types of load	Volt Amp	Percentage
1  2  3  4	Dwelling Hospital Hotels and motels All others	first 3000 Next 3000-12000 Balance First 25000 Balance/Remaining First 20000 Balance/Remainder Same as	100% 35% 25% 40% 40% or Approx 60% 40%    100%

Procedure:

1.      First  calculated the total area.

2.      Then according to the table I multiplied total area with 3V.A/sq ft.

3.      Then  subtracted 3000 from total power.

4.      Then  multiplied total power with 35%.

5.      Then added 3000 to total power multiplied by 35%.

6.      Then  found the phase current by dividing power by 220.

7.      Then  found current in 3-phase by dividing 440.

Precaution:

·       Save yourself.

·       Save the system.

·       Save the environment.